10 Year 3: Medical Virology exam questions on VIrology Mcqs Remain for medical students. Includes MCQs, answers, explanations and written questions. Sample: Whi
This MCQ set contains 10 questions on VIrology Mcqs Remain in the Year 3: Medical Virology unit. Each question includes the correct answer and a detailed explanation for active recall and exam preparation.
Correct answer: A – Viral entry → primary replication → viremia → replication within target organs
Viruses enter, replicate locally first, then spread via bloodstream (viremia) to reach and replicate in target organs.
Correct answer: B – Vaccination confers lifelong protection
Influenza constantly mutates via antigenic drift/shift, so annual vaccination is needed. No lifelong protection exists.
Correct answer: C – Have evolved mechanisms for escaping detection/clearance by host immune system
Persistent viruses like HSV, CMV, HIV have evolved specific strategies to evade immune detection — not limited to immunocompromised hosts.
Correct answer: D – M cells
M cells are located in gut-associated lymphoid tissue (Peyer's patches), not the respiratory tract. All others are key respiratory defense factors.
Correct answer: A – Herpes simplex virus
HSV travels retrograde along sensory nerve axons to reach dorsal root ganglia and CNS. This is called neural/axonal spread.
Correct answer: D – Virus-specific cytotoxic lymphocytes
CTLs are adaptive immune cells requiring days to develop and activate. Early infection relies on innate immunity — interferons, NK cells, macrophages.
Correct answer: C – Parotid gland
Mumps virus specifically targets the parotid salivary glands, causing the characteristic swollen jaw/cheeks (parotitis). Can also affect testes, ovaries, pancreas.
Correct answer: D – Rubella (Rubivirus)
Rubella is the classic teratogenic virus — causes congenital rubella syndrome with cataracts, cardiac defects, deafness, and intellectual disability when infection occurs in first trimester.
Correct answer: B – Nervous system
Poliovirus enters via GIT but its main target is anterior horn motor neurons of the spinal cord, causing flaccid paralysis.
Correct answer: C – The neutralization test is the mainstay of identification of a poliovirus isolate
Neutralization test uses specific antibodies to confirm poliovirus type. Cytopathic effect alone is not specific enough for identification.